science facts

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• If you were to descend into Jupiter, the thin, cold atmosphere becomes thicker and hotter, gradually turning into a thick, dark fog. In the blackness about 1000km down the pressure squeezes the atmosphere so hard that it becomes like liquid.

• At the centre of Jupiter is a rocky core, slightly bigger than Earth but weighing about 20 times more.

 

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• Surrounding the core is an ocean of liquid hydrogen, about 1,000 kilometres deep.

• Jupiter has many storms raging on the surface, most notably the big red spot which is the largest hurricane in our Solar System. It's been raging for over three hundred years.

 

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• Jupiter has a very strong magnetic field, you would weigh two and a half times as much as you would on Earth.

• Jupiter has many moons circling around it. Four of these moons are bigger than Pluto.

 

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• Uranus spins lying on its side (like a barrel), this is perhaps due to a large collision early in its formation.
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• Uranus was the first planet discovered by telescope.
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• Since Uranus takes 84 Earth years to go around the sun, this means that each of its poles is in daylight for 42 years and in darkness for the next 42.

• Uranus’s atmosphere is mostly hydrogen but it also contains large amounts of a gas called methane. Methane absorbs red light and scatters blue light so a blue-green methane haze hides the interior of the planet from view.

 

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Uranus hides its interior but scientists guess that under the hydrogen-methane atmosphere is a hot, slushy ocean of water, ammonia and methane thousands of miles deep wrapped around a rocky core.

 

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• Neptune is a large planet, nearly four times the size of Earth.​

• Neptune suffers the most violent weather in our Solar System.

 

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• Storms have been spotted swirling around its surface and freezing winds that blow about ten times faster than hurricanes on Earth make it the windiest planet.

• Neptune is a large, water planet with a blue hydrogen-methane atmosphere and faint rings.

 

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Neptune is covered in thin wispy white clouds which stretch out around the planet.

 

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Pluto was the smallest and furtherest planet from the Sun in our solar system, now it is not even officially recognized as a planet!

 

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In 2006 Pluto was demoted to the status of dwarf planet.

 

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Because it is so far away from the sun it is very cold with temperatures ranging form -235 Degrees Celsius to -210 Degrees Celsius.

 

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Pluto consists of rock with a very thick coating of ice.

 

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The atmosphere of Pluto consists of nitrogen with some carbon monoxide and methane.

 

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• The human brain is like a powerful computer that stores our memory and controls how we as humans think and react. It has evolved over time and features some incredibly intricate parts that scientists still struggle to understand.
  
• The brain is the center of the human nervous system, controlling our thoughts, movements, memories and decisions.
  

 

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• With evolution, the human brain has become more and more complicated, many of its interesting properties are still not well understood by scientists.
  
• The brain contains billions of nerve cells that send and receive information around the body.
  

 

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• The human brain is over three times as big as the brain of other mammals that are of similar body size.
  
• Each side of the brain interacts largely with just one half of the body, but for reasons that are not yet fully understood, the interaction is with opposite sides, the right side of the brain interacts with the left side of the body, and vice versa.
  

 

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• The largest part of the human brain is called the cerebrum. Other important parts include corpus callosum, cerebral cortex, thalamus, cerebellum, hypothalamus, hippocampus and brain stem.
  
• The human brain is protected by the skull (cranium), a protective casing made up of 22 bones that are joined together.
  

 

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• The brain of an adult human weighs around 3 pounds (1.5 kg). Although it makes up just 2% of the body's weight, it uses around 20% of its energy.
  
• The brain is suspended in Cerebrospinal fluid, effectively floating in liquid that acts as both a cushion to physical impact and a barrier to infections.
  

 

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• Diseases of the brain include Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. Diseases such as these can limit the normal function of the human brain.
  
• Most strokes result from a blood clot in the brain that blocks the local blood supply, this causes the damage or destruction of nearby brain tissue and a wide range of stroke symptoms.
  

 

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Human Heart Facts

• The heart is one of the most important organs in the human body, continuously pumping blood around our body through blood vessels.
  
• Your heart is located in your chest and is well protected by your rib cage.
  

 

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• The study of the human heart and its various disorders is known as cardiology.
  
• The heart is made up of four chambers, the left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle and right ventricle.
  

 

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• There are four valves in the human heart, they ensure that blood only goes one way, either in or out.
  
• Blood that leaves the heart is carried through arteries. The main artery leaving the left ventricle is the aorta while the main artery leaving the right ventricle is the pulmonary artery.
  

 

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• Blood going towards the heart is carried through veins. Blood coming from the lungs to the left atrium is carried through the pulmonary veins while blood coming from the body to the right atrium is carried through the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.
  
• You might have felt your own heart beating, this is known as the cardiac cycle. When your heart contracts it makes the chambers smaller and pushes blood into the blood vessels. After your heart relaxes again the chambers get bigger and are filled with blood coming back into the heart.
  

 

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• Electricity going through your heart makes the muscle cells contract.
  
• You might have watched television shows or movies where a patient in a hospital is attached to an electrocardiogram (ECG). You might recognize it as the machine with a line moving across a screen that occasionally spikes (or remains flat when a patient is dying). This machine can measure the electricity going through a patient’s heart. A doctor can use the information to know when a patient is having heart rhythm problems or even a heart attack.
  
• Heart attacks cause scar tissue to form amongst normal heart tissue, this can lead to further heart problems or even heart failure.