prANa pratiShThA is the process of 'imparting life' into an idol or kalasha or
yantra or any other worshipable item prescribed by Vedic and tantrik texts,
with respective mantra and tantra prescribed for the deity invited in AvAhana.
This process is carried out in every pooja as a part of 16 worship methods
(ShoDashopachAra). There are two types of pratiShThA or installation - temporary
as in poojas and permanent as in temples.
When it is temporary, the worshipper or priest on behalf of worshippers imparts
his prANas (prANa, apAna, vyAna, udAna and samAna) through his ucchvAsa and
nishvAsa (ihalation and exhalation). This lasts until visarjanA or liberating
the prANas at the end of the uttara-pooja (post-pooja worship). Before this, the
idol etc, is regarded as SAME as the worshipper and tantrik texts describe that
any problem caused to the idol etc., MAY reflect the same on the worshipper in
certain cases.
When it is permanent installation, procedures are complex and are ruled by the
rules of Agama shAstra, the temple archtictural sciences according to the diety
being installed. Shiva pan~chayatana(Aditya-ambikA-gaNanAtha-hari-hara) idols
follow shaiva Agamas while vaiShNava schools follow pAncharAtra Agama or
vaikhAnasa Agama. prANa pratiShTha in a temple needs precious jewels of meaured
quantity to be placed in the place beneath the idol; and some times in different
parts of the temple. This process should be carried out on special days
prescribed astrologically and at special times elected by muhoorta techniques.
There are special time selection methods depending on the temples too - like
aShTamangala deva prashna technique used in temples of Kerala.
an Agamika may give you much more detailed procedures. Hope this helps.