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Know about biscuits and Chocolate Began? (its Interesting)

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[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Know how biscuits began?[/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The history of biscuits can be traced back to a recipe created by the Roman chef Apicius, in which "a thick paste of fine wheat flour was boiled and spread out on a plate. When it had dried and hardened it was cut up and then fried until crisp, then served with honey and pepper." [/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The word 'Biscuit' is derived from the Latin words 'Bis' (meaning 'twice') and 'Coctus' (meaning cooked or baked). The word 'Biscotti' is also the generic term for cookies in Italian. Back then, biscuits were unleavened, hard and thin wafers which, because of their low water content, were ideal food to store.[/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]As people started to explore the globe, biscuits became the ideal travelling food since they stayed fresh for long periods. The seafaring age, thus, witnessed the boom of biscuits when these were sealed in airtight containers to last for months at a time. Hard track biscuits (earliest version of the biscotti and present-day crackers) were part of the staple diet of English and American sailors for many centuries. In fact, the countries which led this seafaring charge, such as those in Western Europe, are the ones where biscuits are most popular even today. Biscotti is said to have been a favourite of Christopher Columbus who discovered America![/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Making good biscuits is quite an art, and history bears testimony to that. During the 17th and 18th Centuries in Europe, baking was a carefully controlled profession, managed through a series of 'guilds' or professional associations. To become a baker, one had to complete years of apprenticeship - working through the ranks of apprentice, journeyman, and finally master baker. Not only this, the amount and quality of biscuits baked were also carefully monitored.[/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The English, Scotch and Dutch immigrants originally brought the first cookies to the United States and they were called teacakes. They were often flavoured with nothing more than the finest butter, sometimes with the addition of a few drops of rose water. Cookies in America were also called by such names as "jumbles", "plunkets" and "cry babies".[/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]As technology improved during the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, the price of sugar and flour dropped. Chemical leavening agents, such as baking soda, became available and a profusion of cookie recipes occurred. This led to the development of manufactured cookies.[/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Interestingly, as time has passed and despite more varieties becoming available, the essential ingredients of biscuits haven't changed - like 'soft' wheat flour (which contains less protein than the flour used to bake bread) sugar, and fats, such as butter and oil. Today, though they are known by different names the world over, people agree on one thing - nothing beats the biscuit![/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Some interesting facts on the origin of other forms of biscuits:[/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The recipe for oval shaped cookies (that are also known as boudoir biscuits, sponge biscuits, sponge fingers, Naples biscuits and Savoy biscuits) has changed little in 900 years and dates back to the house of Savoy in the 11th century France. Peter the Great of Russia seems to have enjoyed an oval-shaped cookie called "lady fingers" when visiting Louis XV of France. [/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The macaroon - a small round cookie with crisp crust and a soft interior - seems to have originated in an Italian monastery in 1792 during the French Revolution.[/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]SPRING-uhr-lee, have been traditional Christmas cookies in Austria and Bavaria for centuries. They are made from a simple egg, flour and sugar dough and are usually rectangular in shape. These cookies are made with a leavening agent called ammonium carbonate and baking ammonia.[/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The inspiration for fortune cookies dates back to the 12th and 13th Centuries, when Chinese soldiers slipped rice paper messages into moon cakes to help co-ordinate their defence against Mongolian invaders. [/FONT]






[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Know how Chocolate began?[/FONT]

[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The origins of chocolate can be traced back to the ancient Maya and Aztec civilisations in Central America, who first enjoyed 'chocolatl'; a much-prized spicy drink made from roasted cocoa beans. [/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Throughout its history, whether as cocoa or drinking chocolate beverage or confectionery treat, chocolate has been a much sought after food. [/FONT]




[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Because cocoa beans were valuable, they were given as gifts on occasions such as a child coming of age and at religious ceremonies. Merchants often traded cocoa beans for other commodities such as cloth, jade and ceremonial feathers.[/FONT]

[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The Aztec Empire:[/FONT]

[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]''Chocolate' (in the form of a luxury drink) was consumed in large quantities by the Aztecs: the drink was described as 'finely ground, soft, foamy, reddish, bitter with chilli water, aromatic flowers, vanilla and wild bee honey'. [/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The dry climate meant the Aztecs were unable to grow cocoa trees, and had to obtain supplies of cocoa beans from 'tribute' or trade.[/FONT]

[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Don Cortes [/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The Spanish invaded Mexico in the 16th century, by this time the Aztecs had created a powerful empire, and the Spanish armies conquered Mexico. Don Cortes was made Captain General and Governor of Mexico. [/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]When he returned to Spain in 1528 he loaded his galleons with cocoa beans and equipment for making the chocolate drink. Soon 'chocolate' became a fashionable drink enjoyed by the rich in Spain..[/FONT]

[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Choclate across Europe [/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]An Italian traveller, Francesco Carletti , was the first to break the Spanish monopoly. He had visited Central America and seen how the Indians prepared the cocoa beans and how they made the drink, and by 1606 chocolate was well established in Italy. [/FONT]

[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Drinking Chocolate: [/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The secret of chocolate was taken to France in 1615, when Anne, daughter of Philip II of Spain, married King Louis XIII of France. [/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The French court enthusiastically adopted this new exotic drink, which was considered to have medicinal benefits as well as being a nourishing food.[/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Gradually the custom of drinking chocolate spread across Europe, reaching England in the 1650s.[/FONT]

[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]First Chocolate for Eating[/FONT]
[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]Up until this point all chocolate recipes were based on plain chocolate .[/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]It was an English doctor, Sir Hans Sloane, who - after travelling in South America - focused on cocoa and food values, bringing a milk chocolate recipe back to England. [/FONT]


[FONT=Bookman Old Style, serif]The original Cadbury Milk Chocolate was prepared to his recipe.[/FONT]
 
Dear Rajesh

Do you know the history of Cookies? The hunter Aguhan and his wife Aguhi's story is well-known to everyone. In the next birth, the hunter aguhan and aguhi was born as Nala- Damayanthi and the sage they served born as swan who united them. The aguhi while serving the sage in the forest, has nothing to provide him. So, she finally created fire and prepared dough and baked it and provided it to him with delicious sweet honey. The item prepared by Agugi is termed as "Gukki", which then changed into "Cookies" by foreigners.


Note: The details of this story cannot be find anywhere. Since, I have owned all the copyrights for this. Hahhaahhahahaahha
 
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